National Negro Convention Movement

Causes And Characters In The Metamorphosis By Gregor Kafka

You go to sleep, not a worry in the world, because you know that the next morning you will wake up just as you went to bed. However, that was not the case for Gregor Samsa. He was an ordinary human who went to bed and when he woke up in the morning he realized he was a bug. In the story, the Metamorphosis, you will notice that sympathy has its limits. You can only go so long sacrificing your own life for someone that you care about, and in Kafkas story, you will have the opportunity to see the changes in sympathy unravel. In the story, the Metamorphosis, the first way that the families sympathy towards Gregor is limited is by the way he looks. The family was shocked and disturbed when they saw Gregor in the form of a bug. They felt as if†¦show more content†¦Also at the end no one was feeding Gregor. Grete noticed that and said, â€Å"Look how thin he was. He had eaten nothing for such a long time (Kafka 179).† Grete went from taking the time to figure out what foods he liked in the beginning to not feeding him at all in the end. Lastly, the family as a whole, became more independent. Because they didnt have Gregor to take care of them, they had to step up. When Gregor was human they depended on him to bring in money to support their family. When he turned into a bug he wasn’t able to work so he could no longer make money. Because of this, both parents and Grete got jobs. â€Å"...for all three had employment, about which they had not really questioned each other at all (Kafka 179).† WIth their new level of maturity, they realized that they couldnt continue to live the way they were. Grete was the one who explained to her parents how they were ruining their own lives. She said, â€Å"My dear parents†¦ things cannot go on any longer in this way (Kafka 174).† When the parents apprehended that what Grete said was the truth, they knew they must move on. Therefore, the three of them left by train, leaving Gregors lifeless body behind. Its not easily realized, but the Samsa family did come to the conclusion that they couldnt pity Gregor anymore. Their sympathy towards him wasnt just limited because of one thing. There were multiple factors that built up over time Whether it wasShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Franz Kafka s The Metamorphosis 1711 Words   |  7 Pagestheir characters to portray a certain theme that most readers can relate to. Franz Kafka, a renowned German-speaking fiction writer of the 20th century, uses a unique style of writing that many people believe is a telling of his own life story. In his well-known short story, â€Å"The Metamorphosis†, many similarities and connections can be seen between the main character, Gregor Samsa, and the author himself, Franz Kafka. A major comparison that can be made is the fact that both Samsa and Kafka died slowRead MoreThe Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka1052 Words   |  4 PagesFranz Kafka wrote one of his most popular books, The Metamorphosis, during the literary period and movement of existentialism. His novella stresses many existential ideals. The most predominant ideal that is seen through Gregor Samsa and his father in The Metamorphosis is that choice is the opportune of the individual. One’s ultimate goal in life is to successfully find a balance between work and leisure. It is through the juxtaposition of Gregor Samsa and his father, the conceding tone of the authorRead More‘The Metamorphosis’ and ‘A Hunger Artist’980 Words   |  4 PagesThere are many parallels and differences between Franz Kafka’s â€Å"The Metamorphosis† and A Hunger Artist. Kafka portrays these differences and similarities very effectively through his utilization of elements such as transformation, dehumanization, and dedication to work. Through his works, Kafka communicates with the reader in such a way that almost provokes and challenges one’s imagination and creativity. Kafka is known for his highly symbolic and oblique style of writing. It is no surpriseRead MoreThe Dehumanizing Effect of Alienation and the Restoration of Self Identity in Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis788 Words   |  3 PagesIn the novella â€Å"The Metamorphosis†, Franz Kafka focuses on the topic of alienation and considers its underlying effect on self identity. The alienation Kafka promotes is propagated towards the main character Gregor Samsa, who inevitably transforms into a giant cockroach. The alienation by family relations affects him to the extent that he prioritizes his extensive need to be the family’s provider before his own well-being. This overwhelming need to provide inevitably diminishes Gregor’s ability toRead More Mental Isolation in Franz Kafkas The Metamorphosis Essay1428 Words   |  6 PagesKafkas The Metamorphosis The metamorphosis very possibly was written by Kafka as an outlet for his feelings of isolation and helplessness. In it, the protagonist, Gregor Samsa, awakens one morning to find himself spontaneously transformed in his bed into a monstrous vermin. The story continues from there in a most realistic fashion: his family rejects him, and he stays cooped up in his room until he dies. Although interpretations of the story differ, my opinion is that Kafka wrote this storyRead MoreFranz Kafka and Ismail Kadare861 Words   |  4 PagesFranz Kafka and Ismail Kadare were two of the most extravagant storytellers of modern times. Franz Kafka wrote the short story, The Metamorphosis and Ismail Kadare wrote the novel, Broken April. In these two stories, there is a sense of sadness and darkness that both author’s portrayed in them. The characterization between Gregor (from The Metamorphosis) and Gjorg (from Broken April) were actually similar in comparison. The similarities are isolation, loneliness, and their father figures. NeverthelessRead MoreThe Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka1205 Words   |  5 Pagesthe novel The Metamorphosis, author Franz Kafka transforms Gregor Samsa, an average citizen working as a commercial retailer, into a vermin. This transformation and the effects of such transformation on both his family and himself directly correlate to the messages Ovid portrays in Metamorphoses. While both works convey the ideas that a human s situation in life is always temporary, lust leads to unfavorable circumstances, and that the stubborn must change, in the Metamorphosis, Kafka portrays theseRead MoreThe Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka1147 Words   |  5 PagesPaul Kim Professor Teresa McCarty AP Language 27 October 2015 The Metamorphosis Franz Kafka led a life filled with struggles, particularly evident in his relationship with his father. His experiences and feelings in life are manifested throughout his writings, as the themes in his life dominate the themes of his works, especially so in his novella, The Metamorphosis. Through his extended metaphor of Samsa as a vermin, Kafka illustrates the family dynamic present throughout his life, that of his familyRead MoreKafka ´s The Metamorphosis Essay937 Words   |  4 PagesIn Kafka’s â€Å"The Metamorphosis†, the character Gregor transforms from a man into a bug, specifically a cockroach. Although Gregor physically changes, he does not change as a person. Gregor merely accepts his new condition as a bug and his family’s continuous abuse and hostility. Gregor’s acceptance of his new bug form is representative of his passive personality before and after his transformation. Gregor’s passivity, in response to the hostile world aroun d him, causes his eventual downfall. Read MoreThe Metamorphosis By Franz Kafka Essay1496 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"The metamorphosis,† is a story by Franz Kafka, published in 1915 is a story divided in three chapters: transformation, acceptance, and the death of the protagonist. There are many interpretations that can form this tale as the indifference by the society that is concerned with different individuals, and isolation pushing some cases to the solitude. Some consider The Metamorphosis as an autobiography of the author, which tries to capture the loneliness and isolation that he felt at some point

Importance of written communication skills and business writing skills free essay sample

Communication as defined by the Merriam Webster dictionary is the act or process of using words, sounds, signs, or behaviours to express or exchange information or to express your ideas, thoughts, feelings, etc. , to someone else (Webster, 2013) . The communication process starts with the sender developing an idea that is composed into a message that is then sent to another party who interprets the message and receives meaning after which the receiver provides feedback. There are 2 forms of communication being verbal which can be divided into written and oral and non-verbal which is body language and gestures. There are many advantages of using written communication and one of them is that written messages can be altered as many times as needed before being sent. Moreover, written communication serves as proof of an event and provides a permanent record in case of a need for referencing in the future. Some information such as statistics is better conveyed to another person in written form. There are many ways how the study of written communication can improve and develop a persons’ business writing skills for the future. The audience must be identified before starting to write. When writing, it is important to use a professional tone. Moreover, the correct format must be chosen when delivering a written message. In addition, the information that needs to be imparted upon the reader should be arranged neatly. Grammatical errors should be avoided at all cost. Table of Contents Pages Summary i Table of content ii 1. 0 Introduction 1 2. 0 Communication 2 2. 1 Communication Process 2 2. 2 Forms of Communication 2 2. 3 Importance of Communication 3 2. 4 Effects of Poor Communication 3 3. 0 Written Communication 4 4. 0 How Written Communication Can Improve 56 Develop A Persons Business Writing Skills for the Future 5. 0 Conclusion 7 6. 0 Recommendations 8 7. 0 Reference List 91. 0 Introduction The main aim of this report is to explain â€Å"how written communication can improve and develop a persons’ business writing skills for the future†. The main body of the report is split into three parts being 1) Communication, 2) Written Communication and 3) How written communication can improve and develop a person s’ business writing skills for the future. In 1) Communication, a clear definition of what is communication and how the communication process works is explained. In addition, the various forms of communication is outlined. The importance of communication and effects of poor communications is also thoroughly analysed. 2) Written communication analyses in depth the various forms of written communication. Lastly, 3) How written communication can improve and develop a persons’ business writing skills for the future explain clearly the many benefits of using written communication and how it helps improve a persons’ business writing skills to be used in the workplace. 2. 0 Communication Communication as defined by the Merriam Webster dictionary is the act or process of using words, sounds, signs, or behaviours to express or exchange information or to express your ideas, thoughts, feelings, etc., to someone else (Webster, 2013). 2. 1 Communication Process The communication process starts with the sender developing an idea that is composed into a message that is then sent to another party who interprets the message and receives meaning after which the receiver provides feedback. Effective communication can only be achieved when all concerned parties have a mutual understanding of the subjec t at hand (Mindtools, 2012). 2. 2 Forms of Communication There are 2 forms of communication being Verbal and Non-Verbal communication. Verbal communication can be divided into 2 types which are Written and Oral. Written communication is any form of interaction that involves written words. Examples include books, e-mails and letters. Oral communication on the other hand is any form of interaction that involves speaking words. Talking face to face, talking on the phone and speaking with someone through teleconferencing are examples of oral communication. Non-verbal communication is any form of communication without the use of words such as pictures, symbols and body language. Eye contact and body language are important aspects of body language in non-verbal communication. 2. 3 Importance of Communication Clear communication is extremely important as without it, there will be no management (Hartley, 09/2000). Managers will have a hard time conveying what they expect of workers. Managers with great leadership qualities are always able to communicate clearly with their subordinates. The success of a presentation also hangs on how the presentation is organised and how the information is presented to the audience. Group work in which a number of people work together to achieve a common goal requires clear communication as without it, the members of the group will not know what is expected of them from other members. Each person is unique with a different way of thinking and so it is important that a message or thought is communicated effectively in a manner that everyone can comprehend. In short, it is about telling people your needs wants and expectation. 2. 4 Effects of Poor Communication Poor communication will result in inefficiency. If a message is conveyed wrongly, it can have disastrous effects on a company’s operation. Poor employee morale is another effect of poor communication as a worker might feel demotivated if he does not understand what is expected of him. Some workers are loathe to ask further after given a task for fear of being branded dumb or slow and this is an example of poor communication. Being forced to go through a drab presentation will demoralize employees as they are supplied with unclear instructions on projects causing confusion. Moreover, productivity can be affected leading to decreased innovation in a firm as what the manager wants and expects is not understood clearly causing workers to go in a different direction wasting time. Examples of poor communication are talking too fast, not listening to what the other person is saying and always assuming that you are correct. 3. 0 Written Communication Written communication is a very important aspect of business communication which is essentially communication practiced in the workplace (Krlshnamacharyulu, 2009). There are many advantages of using written communication and one of them is that written messages can be altered as many times as needed before being sent meaning the perfect message is delivered as opposed to talking face to face where you can say something that you did not mean to say. Moreover, written communication serves as proof of an event and provides a permanent record in case of a need for referencing in the future such as forgetting the contents of email and referring back to it. Misunderstandings are also reduced if the message is written clearly. Furthermore, some information such as statistics is better conveyed to another person in written form as it can be better understood and this also saves time as there is no need for explanations. Lastly, written communication when done well appears formal and this is a cause for action when read as it is authoritative.4. 0 How Written Communication Can Improve Develop A Persons Business Writing Skills for the Future There are many ways how the study of written communication can improve and develop a persons’ business writing skills for the future. The audience must be identified before starting to write. Different people have different jobs, ages and backgrounds. A work written professionally might not b e understood clearly by children. On the other hand, too simple a work which children can enjoy might be judged childish and immature by an older audience. Therefore it is of upmost importance to consider all of the facts above when writing so that a message can be understood clearly by the intended audience. When writing, it is important to use a professional tone as you will be judged by whomever who reads the work. Simple direct language should be used that is as straight to the point as possible to prevent any confusion arising (Herta A. Murphy, 1997). The focus should be on the one who is reading your work and not the writer to convey a sense of sincerity towards the reader. There are times when unpleasant or undesirable information has to be passed on which requires more attention and the art of diplomacy. For example when someone requires you to do something that you are not agreeable to such as working late for 7 days in a row. The â€Å"no† response must be made crystal clear for the other person to understand so that it will not be misunderstood. If possible, instead come up with suggestions to the problem and be helpful towards any potential queries. Basically, writing in a professional tone will help attract the attention of the intended recipient which is an important business writing skill. Moreover, the correct format must be chosen when delivering a written message. E-mails, books, letters and journals are different examples of a variety of formats that be used whereby each of them has its own unique use. When a worker wants to deliver a message to a boss for example, an e-mail should be used as this is the standard accepted method. On the other hand, if a friend wants to ask another friend out for dinner, a simple text message exchange between their phones is sufficient as an informal method of communication is satisfactory. In addition, the information that needs to be imparted upon the reader should be arranged neatly. Building on the motive of the correspondence, the information should be organized well so that it can be understood easily without much fuss. For example, an instruction manual on how to use a washing machine. The manual will clearly explain step-by-step to the user how to operate the machine to what the user expects safely to prevent damage to the machine and injury to the user. In business, people are busy and do not have time to read long winded articles or messages and so it is important to arrange the information neatly so that it can be easily understood. Furthermore, visual elements should be used wisely as this can make or break the message that you wish to deliver. When writing e-mails and official letters which are essentially formal documents, it is important to come across as professional and so a font such as Times New Roman is preferred as opposed to a â€Å"social† font such as AR BLANCA which is hard to read and usually only used in invitation cards. In short, the most suitable computer-text font should be used depending on the purpose, formality and audience. Bulleted lists and underlined texts are useful in highlighting main points and helps your message understood more easily. Font size is also important as too big a font can make your document seem like it was made for kids but too small a font size can make a correspondence crowded and almost impossible to read. A boss for example will not be impressed when presented with work that he cannot read and will most probably ask for it to be redone and so it is important to get it right the first time Grammatical errors should be avoided at all cost as it will make a person or firm look unprofessional. It is important to learn grammar and its use properly and the best way of achieving this is through reading and writing. The more you read, the better your grammar and the more you write the better your writing will be as practice makes perfect. Reading a lot will also help expand a persons’ vocabulary whereby you will have a larger choice of words to use from to make your writing more interesting to read. No one would want to purchase a product which has wrong spellings as this conveys cheap and prospective customers will be put off when looking at a business’s website which has a lot of spelling mistakes as they will deem it dubious and fraudulent. It is also important to consider the emotions of other people when writing. Words of encouragement should be shown to someone who has suffered a misfortune while a positive achievement should be praised. That is why it important to have background knowledge of the intended recipient of the message so that it will strike a chord with the person and makes him more interested in reading what you have to say. For example asking about the intended recipients’ family to sound friendly and to show that you know the person on a personal basis. 5. Conclusion It can be concluded that there are many forms of communication which constitutes an integral part of our lives and there are many factors which contribute towards communicating effectively. Communication is used in everyday life in by every person be it friends, family and in the workplace and there many ways to communicate such as talking face to face, on the phone and through the use of written forms of communication such as e-mails and letters not to mention non-verbal communication in the form of gestures and body language. It is important to pick a correct form of communication to effectively convey a message to prevent misunderstanding and to show the intended recipient of your sincerity and seriousness. Writing skills are an important aspect of modern day society and in the business environment as it certainly a requirement. There are many ways to improve one’s writing skills but none more important than to read and write extensively as practice makes perfect. Great communication and writing skills also gives a person confidence to pursue a great career which will lead to a happy and successful life. 6. 0 Recommendations There are a few recommendations that can be followed to improve and develop a persons’ business writing skills such as: i. Extensive background research on the subject matter. This will help give a clearer idea on the topic and makes it easier to write as you will have the necessary knowledge. ii. Read a lot Reading is a way to increase general knowledge and by reading different mediums by different people will give you an idea of how to write and help you to write. iii. Write a lot There’s only one way to improve one’s writing and that is to write. There’s no harm in practicing your writing and always comparing with professional work as this will elevate your writing skills iv. Study great authors By analysing works from other authors you can get an idea of how to write effectively and how to attract an audience to keep on reading. rite a lot

The story brushes Essay Example For Students

The story brushes Essay Mr. Russell, welcome to our program, Writers Question Time. Could you briefly tell us what your play is about?  Thank you for inviting me to the show. Blood Brothers is about the story of twin brothers separated at birth. The twins working-class mother Mrs. Johnston is too poor to keep both twins, so gives one to her very rich employer Mrs. Lyons, who cannot have children of her own. Mrs. Johnston is extremely superstitious, and Mrs. Lyons discovers this early on when Mrs. Johnston finds shoes on the table. Mrs. Lyons takes advantage of this, and tells Mrs. Johnston that if either twin learns he was one of a pair they shall both die immediately! We will write a custom essay on The story brushes specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Until the twins are about eight years of age, Mrs. Lyons and Mrs. Johnston have no problem keeping their secret shut away. They then find that the twins have met, and have become very good friends without realising they are related to each other. Mrs. Lyons persuades her husband to move the family away from the city to the countryside. Later in the play, Mrs. Johnston and her children get moved from the slums, closer to the house of Mrs Lyons. As the twins discover each other once again, Mrs. Lyons mental health begins to deteriorate, and paranoia starts to kick in. With Mrs. Johnston, anxious as ever that her secret will slip out, the general mood of the play becomes more sinister, and the ending is tragic. Mr. Russell, what can you tell us about the setting you have chosen for your play?  I chose to set the play in Liverpool. I grew up there, so I had a great appreciation for the jokes and the language the locals used, as well as a superb mental map of the Liverpudlian area. This helped me whilst writing the play, as I could relate the setting to my own experiences as a teenager. The play begins in the 1960s; considerably I make this clear to the audience in the opening scenes when Mrs. Johnston sings about Marilyn Monroe. I also get Mrs. Lyons to threaten Mrs. Johnston by saying, Already youre being threatened by the Welfare. This mention of the Welfare State sums up how hard it is for a single woman like Mrs. Johnston to bring up a family. In Mrs. Johnstons case, she has seven hungry mouths to feed and one more nearly due. Her circumstances are really put to the extreme, especially when one of her children whimpers, Mum mum, theres no bread. The play ends in the 1980s. I make this obvious as the narrator dedicates one of his speeches to the recession of the 1980s, near the end of the play. Mickey, the poorer twin, belonging to Mrs Johnston, is cruelly affected by the recession, as he describes his job as having disappeared. In addition, the audience see Mickey job hunting, and having no luck. This is because Mickey has no education and no qualifications, making it very hard for him or someone in similar circumstances, to get a job in a time like recession.  Mr. Russell, your play has an unusual structure. Can you explain to us? When writing the play, one of my primary focuses was to make the audience have an active participating role. I managed to achieve this using the narrators songs in between many of the scenes. The narrators words often speak of destiny, and how previous choices in life determine outcomes later on. The narrator holds on to this role well by over-shadowing the entire story, enabling the audience to consider the very different circumstances the boys face from different perspectives. This opens up the audiences eyes to something they may have not seen otherwise. A good example of this is in the narrators first song when he says, Mrs. Johnston saw her children wrenched apart. .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5 , .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5 .postImageUrl , .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5 , .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5:hover , .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5:visited , .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5:active { border:0!important; } .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5:active , .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5 .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u5fb110d18f07083feac79118ad766ce5:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: An Author and His Work: A Kid in King Arther's Court EssayIf you were to read the play without the narrators input, you may not have noticed this idea. This example is one of many, and shows how versatile the play can be when letting the reader take a side with a character, in this case, Mrs Johnston or Mrs Lyons. Allowing the audience to choose a side is one of the narrators clear intentions, since in the opening song he says, and judge for ourselves this terrible sin, noticeably inviting the audience to choose a side once the story unfolds. The lengths of the scenes vary considerably. This is so the story brushes through the years, stopping at points of interest and controversy. Where the scenes are short, or many years have been missed out, the narrator has a quick summary role, briefly explaining what has previously happened; he enables the audience to fill in the gaps. In one case, the narrator says, theres a jingle in your pocket, and youve got good friends, conveys the idea that this is three years after the previous scene, and so this concludes that Mickey and Edward have remained good friends. Another reason for the play to move on so quickly is so the audience only consider the main problems and issues of the play. The action moves on quickly and does not allow the characters to be the centre of attention, but rather the issues themselves which make up the story of the play.

The Role of Geography in Land-Use Planning

The Role of Geography in Land-Use Planning Within urban and rural communities, geography plays a critical role in the development of the built environment. Urban planners must rely on knowledge of geographic space when deciding how best to manage growth. As the cities of the world grow and more rural land is developed, ensuring smart growth and practical environmental management are necessary goals. Steps Before Planning and Development Can Occur Before any kind of planning and development can happen, funds must be collected from the public and a set of rules is needed to clarify the process. These prerequisites are the two active factors in planning for land use. By collecting taxes, fees and even ideas from the public, decision-makers are able to effectively provide plans for development and revitalization. Zoning regulations provide a legal framework for development. Regulations of Use of Private Land Municipalities regulate the use of private land for a variety of reasons. Designations for the use of land are provided in a municipality’s master plan, which is usually intended to ensure the following. Transportation FlowEconomic DevelopmentHistoric PreservationRecreational Space/ParksEnvironmental/Wildlife Protection Businesses, manufacturers and residential communities all require specific geographic locations. Accessibility is the key. Businesses are more suitable downtown while manufacturing centers are most accessible for shipping at an interstate or a port. When designing residential developments, planners generally focus on developing close to or directly above commercial areas. Components of Planning Urban Areas The desire for urban areas is the flow of transportation. Before any development can happen, there must first be an infrastructure suitable to the needs of future growth. Infrastructure includes sewer, water, electricity, roads and floodwater management. The master plan of any urban region has the potential for guiding growth in a way that will generate a fluid movement of people and commerce, especially in emergency situations. Public investment through taxes and fees is the cornerstone for developing infrastructure. Most major urban centers have been around for a long time. Preserving the history and aesthetic of earlier developments within a city creates a more livable space and can boost tourism in the area. Tourism and livability are also boosted by growing the city around major parks and recreation areas. Water, mountains and open parks offer citizens an escape from the city’s hub of activity. Central Park in New York City is a perfect example. National parks and wildlife sanctuaries are perfect examples of preservation and conservation. One of the essential parts of any plan is the ability to provide citizens with an equal opportunity. Communities cut off from urban centers by railroads, interstates or natural boundaries have difficulty in accessing employment. When planning for development and the use of land, special attention must be given to lower-income housing projects. Mixing housing for various income levels provides increased educational and opportunities for lower-income families. To facilitate the implementation of a master plan, zoning ordinances and special regulations are imposed on real-estate developers. Zoning Ordinances There are two essential parts to a zoning ordinance: Detailed maps showing land area, boundaries and the zone under which the land is categorized.Text describing in full detail each zones regulations. Zoning is used to permit some types of construction and prohibit others. In some areas, residential construction may be limited to a specific type of structure. Downtown areas may be a mixed-use of residential and commercial activity. Manufacturing centers will be zoned for construction close to the interstate. Some areas may be prohibited for development as a means of conserving green space or access to water. There may also be districts where only the historical aesthetic is allowed. Challenges are faced in the zoning process, as cities desire to eliminate blighted areas of zero growth while maintaining a diversity of interests in a geographic area. The importance of mixed-use zoning is becoming increasingly apparent in major urban areas. By allowing developers to build residential units above businesses, land use is maximized by creating a round-the-clock hub of activity. Another challenge faced by planners is the issue of socio-economic segregation. Some subdivisions strive to maintain a certain financial status by regulating the scope of housing developments. Doing this ensures that home values in the subdivision will remain above a certain level, alienating the poorer members of the community. Adam Sowder is a fourth-year senior at Virginia Commonwealth University. He is studying Urban Geography with a focus on Planning.

Introduction To Leviticus Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Introduction To Leviticus - Research Paper Example This has been the subject of controversy over years. To the proponents of documentary hypothesis, the book of Leviticus, which is also one of the Pentateuch books was not written by one person, Moses, but instead was a product of various others. Of course, there exists archeological and historical fabrications and evidence which explicitly supports this line of thought. While the debate about documentary evidence continues, there is also compelling evidence to believe the former. It is the intent of this paper to explore arguments against documentary evidence and to show Moses’ authenticity and single handedness in drafting Leviticus. The Hebrew derives the title of Leviticus from the initial word in it Wayyiqra’, which when translated implies â€Å"and He [the Lord] called† (1:1). The use of the conjunction â€Å"and† describes that Leviticus is a continuation of the previous chapter, Exodus, the flow of thought in this case is continuous and there is no break.1 At the same time, the English title of the book is derived from the word â€Å"Vulgate† which is a Latin version, which referred to this book as Liber Leviticus. This Latin title has been suggested as having the same meaning as Leuitikon, which implies â€Å"of relation to the Levites.† From the above analysis, it therefore seems quite correct that the title used in this book is appropriate, since the book has Mosaic Covenant that again relates to the Levites, or to be precise to the Israelites, delivered to them by Moses. The overriding theme contained in the book of Leviticus is worship. Moses later re-introduced the theme of worship in the later chapters of the bible in Exodus, but this theme was only concretized in Leviticus. The book illustrates how sinful redeemed Israelites could enjoy a new renewed spiritual relationship with their creator. It also shows how the Israelites could maintain this Holy relationship with God through worship. One of the main r evelations that are given in Leviticus is the nature of sin. From the analysis of other chapters, it can be seen that God under estimated man’s ability to commit sin. God first initiated this in Genesis and Exodus, and thus used Leviticus to clarify this sinful nature of man. Additionally, God exposes the theme of atonement in Leviticus. Atonement can be understood as the price of man’s sin. God in Leviticus removed the sins of Israelites until a final sacrifice was paid for sins. God continuously accepted the price of sin through sacrifice until a final atonement was made through Jesus Christ. Through atonement then man could be allowed to enter into a Covenant with God. For this situation, three things had to be given to justify man’s sinful nature. This book has been written by Moses because it contains God revelations to Moses in which he recorded in Leviticus after he renewed the Covenant with Israel (Exod. 34:1-28). This book is solely unique as it contain s God’s instructions to Moses. Andrew A. Bonar in his Commentary on Leviticus thus argues, â€Å"There is no book in the whole compass of that inspired Volume which the Holy Spirit has given us, that contains more of the very words of God than Leviticus. It is God that is the direct speaker in almost all the pages; His gracious words are recorded in the most original manner that they were uttered.†2 As seen in other similar literary analysis, Leviticus

Special Populations Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Special Populations - Research Paper Example This paper will research special education in the Carroll Independent School District (CISD) of Texas. The boundaries of school districts in Texas do not always align with city or county boundaries, whereby one district may occupy several cities or counties, while some of the larger cities may be divided between several school districts. Although most special education students are disproportionately English language learners, minority and the poor, the CISD indiscriminately serves 11 schools in the upper income area of Dallas, Texas. It is the largest school district to have been rated by the Texas Education Agency (TEA) as exemplary in performance, recording an exceptional zero percent dropout rate and 97 percent attendance in 2007, a rating it holds to date. CISD believes that for majority of its special education students to achieve the same standards as other students, they ought to be given specially designed support, instruction, accommodation and appropriate access as require d by the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Texas is among the states in America that have worked for a few decades to have all students included in their education systems. The commitment has seeped into both the provision of education serves and approaches employed in evaluating the system’s success in a bid to meet all the students’ needs. CISD believes that students with special needs deserve more than pity or protection from the high expectations associated with non-special students. They should also not be excluded from necessary assessments that indicate whether they are progressing towards the expectations as desired or not. Some of the cases that compelled CISD to address special education include intellectual disabilities; developmental disabilities; specific learning disabilities; language and speech impairments; orthopedic, hearing and visual impairments; autism; and traumatic brain injury. Special education developed following the governme nt’s growing need for involvement in education (Wilmshurst & Brue, 2010). Before the 1975 passing of the Education for All Handicapped Children Act by the federal government, special education programs had to be improved to include additional services as prescribed by the plans mandated federally. They would therefore be able to benefit from IDEA. To this end, after the Act was passed, Texas established several schools that give special care and attention to students with disabilities to help them grow intellectually, socially and emotionally. In CISD, they have schools that are specially designed and equipped to address the needs of students with learning or physical disabilities. The schools develop students’ talents and skills within caring and safe environments. This is in conformity with the provisions of IDEA that stipulate that each special needs student is given an Individualized Education Program (IEP), outlining how the schools will meet their individual need s (NCD, 1994). CISD further embraces the requirement by IDEA that special needs students must be provided with free, appropriate, public education, which should be conducted in the least restrictive environments. Special education is provided in varying degrees in schools run by the government in CISD. The settings range from the least restric